High-potential condenser



showing a mod- Patented At 23, 1927.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFF ICE.

winuur numnma, or new YORK, 11. Y.,

ASSIGNOIB 'ro nummnn connnnsnn conrom'rron, A conrom'rron or nmwnnn.

men-roman; connnnsnn Application filed mm 1. 1910. mm Io. names.

The invention relatesto condensers adapted to withstand the conditions of use which are met with in high frequency or high potential circuits, for example in wireless sets, and has for an object so to construct a condenser as to minimizethe liability of breakdown or failure of insulation in use, and yet to avoid. the necessity of employing a large amount of insulating material in accomplishing this result.

' Another object is to provide a condenser in which the conducting elements are effectively compressed to hold them inproper relation to each other, and in such manner as to insure that the pressure will be evenly applied when the condenser is assembled, and properly maintained during use thereof. A Further objects and advantageswill be in part obvious and in partspecifically mentioned in the description hereinafter con tained, in which is disclosed one embodiment of the invention; such embodiment however, is to be considered merely illustrative of its principle. In the drawings,

Fig. 1 is a central vertical section of a condenser made in accordance with the in vention, the section being taken on line 11 of Fig. A

Fig. 2 is a section taken on line 2-2 of Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrows, and I Fig. 3 is aview similar to Fig. 2 but :fication of the compression members. I h

A casing 1, of any convenient sha e, is provided, which is ordinarily made of -metal, and "forms aground connection for one terminal of the condenser. A plurality of condenser sections 2 are contained within the casing, each section preferably comprising a plurality of interleaved conducting plates of opposite polarity, as is well known in the art. In order to facilitate the insulation of the condenser units which are to be subjected to high potential strains in use, the several units are so disposed and related to each other, that the low potential units are interposed betweenthe' high potential units an points to which a breakdown might occur. In the present instance, the condenser sections are connected into sets 3 and 4, the sections of eachset being in series, and the sets being connectedin parallel. The two sets are;assembl'ed to form .a block with the low potential units adjacent .tential as the casing, and no strains are encountered at such casin and connected to walls of the casing, by

connections 5, and the high potential units joined by' a connection 7 which leads to any suitable terminal,- for instance a 0st 8, mounted on an insulating cover 9 orlthe caslng.

e If the condenser were made merely of a plurality-of units connected in series the potential of course from one end would rise progressively to the other, andthe high potential end or unit would require special construction and a large amount of insulating material, toiinsulate it properly from the casing, or other adjacent metallic bodies connected to the casing. .With the low po tential units disposed atthe ends of I the' block, however, the units adjacent to walls of the casing are at substantiall the same polarge potential points. Also the high potential units naturally fall within the central or intermediate portion of the and are spaced as far as possible there rom, so that the insulation required is correspondingly small, and the high potential terminal connection may be lead out with minimum danger of a failure of insulation. In the present embodiment, merely a strip of insulation 10 is placed between the central portion of the condenser block, and the Walls of the casing. The term high potential as ap lied to certain of the condenser units in t e s ecific type of condenser disclosed, is intended to mean those units between which and surrounding members such as the clam or casing, a m

potential di erenceexists: or those units which are at or near the potential of ter- -minal 8 which is highly'insulated from the remainder of the structure. The term low potential of course has the opposite meanin condensers of the types above described, it is desirable that clamping members be employed, of such character that pressure can be effectively applied and main tained to hold the condenser units in proper relation to each other, and for this purpose, metallic clam ing elements are. the. most eflicient and urable. If the condenser be made merely of a plurality of units connected-in series, the use of metallic clamping elements held firmly with metallicarts, is diflicult, owin both to the fact t at the high -potentia end of the block must be highly insulated and spaced from metal parts, and to the fact that intermed ate metallic elements extending between the is disadvantageous in that it deteriorates and i at substantially the same weakens when put under stress other than compression in use, as is well known in the art. With condensers constructed in accordance with this invention, however, the end unit or units of the condenser block are metal clamp. which potential also may be very low, and thus metallic clamping elements may safely be employed.

In the present embodiment, a metallic compressor member 11 is used, having a flat bearing surface which engages one end face of'the condenser block, and a similar compressor member 12, which may be integral with the opposite side wall of the casing provides a similar bearin surface for the other end of the block. single binding screw 13 is used, which engages the compressor member 11 at a point substantially in line with the center of the block of condenser units. If the pressure he applied along an axial line with regard to the condenser, the member 11 will be permitted to accommodate itself to the natural shape of the block, and it will be insured that all portions of the condenser are subjected to substantially the same pressure, which will not tend to distort or warp the units or compressor members.

As appears from Figs. 1 and 2, the compression on the stack or block acts between the opposite end walls of the casing, and

' the sidewalls thereof act as integral metallic' tension members connecting the end walls, Thus the casing as a whole acts in effect as an integral metallic clamp extending from one compressor member 12 entirely around the other compressor member 11, providing a rigid structure which will be effective to maintain the proper. compression on the stack.

The particular clamping device disclosed is not essential, but it has the further advantage that the condenser may be impregnated, if desired, in situ, thus avoiding any handling of, or tampering with the units after being compressed and filled with wax compound, which handling is liable to result in injury or dislocation of the units.

In Fig. 3 is shown a construction in'which the compression of the condenser units is not dependent upon the casing. As shown,

.a plurality of condenser units, preferably assembled into a block composed of sets 3 and 4 of condenser sections as reviously described, and disposed parallel to side walls of the casing, are engaged by compotential as the Ireferably. also, a'

pressor members 14 and 15, which abut the end of the block, suitable binding members such as bolts 16, being used to draw the compressor members together. If desired, the compression may be applied at a point substantially in line with the center of the block, by interposing plate 17 between the compressor member 14 and the end unit of the block, such plate being provided with a rojection 18 in line with the center of the lock, which cooperates with a similar recess in the compressor member.

With a construction of the type shown in Fig. 3, the condenser units may be assembled and put under compression before being placed in the casing, or removed from the casing without releasing the compression. In the manufacture of condensers, it is customary to impregnate the same with a wax composition'while the units are under compression, and with a condenser of the character shown in Fig. 3, it is possible to employ the compressor members 14 and 15 for the purpose of supplying the necessary compression for the impregnating treatment, and then place the sections in final position within the metallic casing, without disturbing them after impregnation.

If sets of sections connected in parallel be employed, the compression members 14,

'15, and the bolts 16, may all be of metal from its spirit, as defined in the following claims.

What is claimed is 1. A high potential condenser comprising a metallic casing, a plurality of sets of condenser units therewithin said sets being connected in parallel, each of said sets comprising a plurality of condenser units connected in series, the high potential units of each of saidsets being disposed in the central portion of the casing, and the low potential units being disposed adjacent to walls of said casin 2. high potential condenser comprising a metallic casing, a plurality of sets of condenser units therewithin said sets being connected in parallel. each of said sets comprising a plurality of condenser units connected- 3. A high potential condenser comprisiri "condenser uni-ts juxtaposed in line with each ly in series whereby the potential decreases I v progressively through a-substantial number of units from the high potential units toward the opposite ends of the stack, a unit of lowest potential being located betweenthe high potential units and one end face, of'

the stack.

4. A high potential condenser comprising a plurality of juxtaposed condenser units of v stepped potential assembled to form a block,

units of low potential being located at the outer portions of the block and all the units of. any. substantial higher potential in the inner portion of such block.

5. A high potential condenser comprising two sets of condenser units connected in parallel, each of said sets comprising aplu-- its end faces.

I potential condenser comprisi 6. A high otential condenser comprising a plurality of condenser elements of stepped potential assembled to form a block, the units of said block at both its ends being at low potential in use, metallic compressor members respectively engaging said end units, and means for compressing the condenser between said members.

7. A high potential condenser comprising a metallic cafing, a plurality of sets of con-. denser units therewithin connected in parallel, each of said sets comprising a plurality of condenser units connected in series, the

potential units of each of said sets becasing, and the low potential units being disposed adjacent and electrically connected.

to walls of the casing, metallic compression members being provided to engage the low potential units and hold the condenser in shape.

.8. A high potential condenser comprising a casing, a plurality of sets of condenser units therewithin connected in parallel each of said sets comprising a plurality 0 condenser units, connected in series, the high potential units of Leach of saidsets being disposed in the central portion of thecasing, an

the low potential units being disposed adjacent to walls of said casing, and means for exerting pressureupon the low potential units tov hold the condenser in shape.

9. As an article of manufacture, a high a plurality of condenser units am'embl 4 to form a geek -each of said units being made upof substantially dielectric and conducting sheets, com-- pressor members engagin end faces of-said lock, and a bearing mem r within the casing engaging one of said compressor members at a point substantially in line with the center of the block to exert pressure upon the condenser and maintain the sheets in substantially flat condition.

101 As an article of manufacture, a'hi h potential condenser comprising a meta ic casing, a plurality of condenser. units disposed within said casingsubstantially parallel to side walls thereof each of said units being made up of fiat dielectric and conducting sheets, a compressor member located between' anend unit of said condenser and the adjacent side wall of the casing, and a bearing member ccomprising a. screwpassing through such side wall and engaging said compressor member at a oint substantially in line with the centers 0 said units to compress the condenser toward the opposite sidewall of the casing and main tain the sheets in substantially flat condition.

11. A high potential condenser comprising a metallic casing, a condenser .therewithin comprising a plurality of. condenser units substantially parallel to side Walls of such casing and assembled to form a block, units of low potential bein located adjacent op-. posite side walls of t e casing the units of highest tension being located in the intermediate portion of. the block, a metallic compressor member between one. of said side walls and the adjacent end condenser unit, and means for exerting pressure on said member to compress the condenser toward the op osite side wall of the casing.

ent potentials assembled to form a--block, I

wherein substantially all the low potential elements are disposed on difierent sides of Y the high potential elements to act as separators between the high potential elements and the end faces of the block. 7

13. As an article of manufacture a hi h potential condenser comprising a boxli e metallic "casing, a block of condenser units disposed within. said casing with the units arallel to sidewalls of the casing, said b ock including units connected in series, and means for utilizing side walls of said casing to transmit compression to opposite faces of said block.

14. As an article of manufacture a bi h potential condenser comprising a boxli 'e casing, a block of condenser-units disposed J within said casing with the unitssubstanparallel to op site-walls of the eastially ing, said block inclu units connected in series,-andmeans applying expansive force between a face of said block andthe' adjacent wall of said casin for exerting efi'ective compression uponsai 15. As an article of manufacture a high potential condenser comprising a boxlike casing, a block of condenser units disposed within said casing with the units substantially parallel to opposite metal walls of the casing, said block including units connected in series, and an ad'ustable force applying member projecting t rough one wall of said casing and bearing against the adjacent end of the block for exerting compression upon said units.

16. As an article of manufacture a high potential condenser comprising a boxlike metallic casing, a plurality of condenser units disposed within said casing substantially parallel to opposite walls thereof and assembled to form a block, the high potential units-of the block being disposed in the intermediate portion thereof and each of the end units of said block being substantially at the same potential as the walls of said metallic casing when the condenser is under electric stresses.

17. As an article of manufacture a high potential condenser comprising a boxlike metallic casing, a plurality of. condenser units disposed within said casing substantially parallel to opposite walls thereof and assembled to form a block, the high otential units of the block being dispose in the. intermediate portion thereof and each of the end units of said block being substantially at the same potential as the walls of said metallic casing, and means for utilizing other walls of said casing to transmit mechanical compression to the opposite faces of said block.

18. As an article of manufacture a high I potential condenser com rising a boxlike metallic casing, a plura 'ty of condenser units disposed Within said casing substantially parallel to side walls thereof, apd assembled to form a block, the high potential units of the block being disposed in the intermediate portion thereof and said block including units connected in series, and

means comprising metallic members engaging opposite faces of said block for exerting compression upon said units, said casing being provided with a cover, and a high potential terminal for said block being provided on said cover.

19. As an article of manufacture, a high potential electrical condenser comprising a block ofcondenser sections, and clamping means for extending a relatively high pres.

sure on said block, said clamping means comprising a metallic casing having integral end and side walls, the end walls being'opposed'to opposite faces of the block, and the side walls acting as tension members between said end walls and holding the latter in proper relationship.

20. A high potential condenser comprising a boxlike metallic casing, a block' of condenser sections disposed'within said casing substantially parallel to side walls thereof whereby the edges of the sections are exposed to the open side of the casing, said block including sections connected in series and a high potential-section being located in the inner portion of said block, sections of lower potential being disposed on opposite sides of the high potential section, a' cover for said casing, a high potential terminal mounted in said cover and insulated from said casing, and a connection leading from said high potential section to said terminal.

21. 'A high potential condenser comprising a plurality of condenser units of stepped potential assembled to form a block,.a unit of high potential being located in the inner portion of said block, with permanent electrical connections whereby the end units of said block are substantially at the same potential in use, and metallic clamping means for exerting a relatively high compression upon the end faces of said block.

22. Asan article of manufacture, an electrical condenser having a stack of condenser elements, and clamping means for exerting a relatively high pressure upon said stack, said clamping means comprising an integral metallic member extending entirely around the stack, a compressor member adapted to exert pressure on one end face of the stack, and means acting between said compressor member and the adjacent portion of said integral metallic member, for exerting compressive force on said compressor member to compress the stack within said integral metallic member.

23. A high potential series parallel condenser consisting of a stack of condenser sect1ons,- with a termlnal lead from a mid point of the stack; metallic clamping means in compressing engagement with the ends of the stack; and a terminal electrically conat substan 'ally the same potential as the latter wh n the condenser is subjected to electrical stress, and i the units of opposite potential being separated from the clamp by said outer units.

26. A high potential condenser comprising a stack of condenser units, sets of said umts bein connected in parallel and the units of said sets being connected in series,

of the stack.

27. A high potential condenser having series connected units and circuit connections whereby the end units of the stack are at substantially the same potential when the condenser is subjected to electrical stress, and a metallic clamp surrounding said stack and bearing against the end units thereof,

the sides of the clamp being substantially spaced from intermediate units of the stack. 28. An electrical condenser, comprising a stack having series connected units, a housing completely enclosing said stack and havmg walls of insulating materialan'd metalrespectively, at least two of said walls being of metal and facing each other, the ends of the stack lying parallel to and adjacent said above mentioned facing metal walls, and means alined with the stack for clamping it end to end between said facing metal walls.-

29. An electrical condenser. comprising a stack having series connected units, a housing completely enclosing said stack andhavin walls of insulating material and metal rijpectively, at leasttwo of said walls being 0 metal and facing each other, the ends of the stack lying parallel to and adjacent said above mentioned facing metal walls,

and clamping means located between one end vof the stack and the adjacent metal wall for compressing the stack in a direction towards the op ositely facing metal wall.

30. n electrical condenser, comprising a \stack having series connected units, a hous- Patent No. 1,639,650.

WILLIAM DUBILIER.

ing completely enclosing said stack and having walls of insulating material and metal respectively, atleast two of said walls being of metal and facing each other, the endsof the stacklying parallel to and adjacent said above mentioned facing metal walls, a com pression plate interposed between one end of the stack and the adjacent metal wall and a screw in said wall bearing on said plate to compress the stack.

31. An electrical condenser, comprising a stack having series connected units, a housing completely enclosing said stack and having walls of insulating material and metal respectively. at least two of said walls being of metal and facing each other, the ends of the stack lying parallel to and adjacent said above mentioned facing metal walls, and means alined with the stack for clamping it end to end between said facing metal walls, said facing metal walls acting as compression members in clamping the stack and others of said first mentioned walls acting as tension members in clamping the stack.

3 ..r\n electrical condenser. comprising a stack having series connected units, .a housing completely enclosing said stack and having walls of insulating material and metal respectively, at least two of said walls being of metal and facing each other,the ends of the stack lying parallel to and adjacent said above mentioned facing metal walls, means alined with the stack for clamping it end to end between said facing metal walls, and electrical connections between the end units of the stack and the adjacent metal walls.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing, 4 I have hereunto set my hand this 21st day of February, 1919.

WILLIAM DUBILIER.

Granted August 23, 1927, to

It is hereby certifiedthat error appears-in the printed specification of the above- 1 .numbered patenta insertpthe wo' s relatively great; read with this correction therein that case in the Patent Signed and sealed this orrection ,as follows: Pa 1 line mung c Q and that the id Letters Patentshould be thesame may conform to the record of the 4th dayof October, A. D. 1 27,

91, after the article n. J. MOORE, Acting Uommisaimr of Patents. 

